Method for producing hydraulic, particularly cementlike, mortarforming agents



Patented May 5, 1925.

STATES PATENT OFFlCE.

OSCAR TIE-TENS. OF OERLINGHAUSEN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM RECORD CEMENT-INDUSTRIE G. M. B. H., 0F OEBLINGHAUSEN, GERMANY.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDRAULIC,

PARTICULARLY CEMENTLIKE, MORTAR- FORIIIING AGENTS.

No Drawing.

T 0 all whom it may concern.

' Be it known that Oscar. TETENS, a citizen of the German State, and resident of Oerlinghausen, Germany, has invented certain new and useful Improvements ii Methods for Producing Hydraulic, Particularly Cementlike, Mortar-Forming Agents; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention has for its object a method for pri ducing hydraulic, particle larly cement-like, mortar-forming agents from bituminous shale, lime-stone and the like, in which, on the one hand a binding material and on the other hand oil is recovered, while ensuring sufficient output of calorific energy, originating from the bituminous material.

Bituminous schists, bituminous earths, oil shale, and the like are mixed and burnt with lime-stone and its equivalents; and bituminous lime-stone rock can be mixed with silicious earths and burnt.

After the burning process, and either immediately, or after slaking the lime, a separation of the lime from the burnt shale is effected, whereupon the latter is mixed with substances imparting setting qualities, pulverized and made into a mortar-forming material.

The ingredients of the two constituents of the burnt mixture may, for instance, be separated by using shale and lime-stone of unlike granulation. This mixture, which for example, may be constituted of coarse lime-stone and fine bituminous shale, or of coarse bituminous lime-stone and finer silicates, is burnt without additional combustibles by utilizing the latent energy in the available schistose coke; the oil is recovered, and ultimately the residue from the burning process is separated out by sifting.

After the. burning process the lime-stone may be reduced to a smaller size of grain by storing the burnt material for a prolonged period in the open air, or by carefully moistening it with water. That is to say, it is slaked under great precaution. In this way the lime may be easily sepa- Application filed January 26, 1924. Serial No. 688,831.

The lime obtained by any of these methods is conveniently slaked in dry condition prior or subsequently to separating out slaty ash.

The bituminous shale, after the limeburning process is ground together with substances imparting setting qualities. Such a vivifying substance may be the slaked lime obtained in the process; but burnt or slaked lime from other processes, cement, or gypsum and the like may be used. If lime produced by other means is used with the hydraulic material obtained by the process, the slaked lime resulting from the present process is available for other use.

A further-mode consists in mixing the burnt or slaked lime, obtained from the method heretofore given, with pulverized raw shale. This mixture is briquetted, burnt with recovery of oil and without additional combustible, and the residue from the burning process reduced by grinding, to cement.

At this stage a slaking operation may be interposed if found convenient.

Residues resulting from the processes above described can be added in the grinding operation to the mortar-forming agent obtained in either Way and are of the Roman-cement nature.

It is a particularly amazing feature of the whole procedure that the calorific energy, of the schistose coke is sufficient for the process, a fact which so far has never been anticipated nor recognized.

The fuel content is so large that the new mortar-forming agents in their different forms can have added prior to burning them clay or marl, or mixtures of lime and silicates, according to the special conditions of the case.

The process may be conducted in a shaft furnace or in a revolving tubeoven. In the upper cooler layers, oil, ammonia and the like are distilled while the residual fixed carbon is sufiicientto convert the material in the combustion zone into a product of the nature of Roman cement.

A special process of operation also provides a lucrative utilization of the ammonical water, formed from the products of distillation of the bituminous substances. It is possible to recover, almost free from any costs, ammonia even in concentrated form, by slaking the burnt material with this ammoniacal water. To this effect the slaking is done in a closed vessel or chamber provided with an outlet pipe. Owing to the chemical reactions with burnt lime, as well as to the heat evolved in the operation, ammonia becomes freed from its combinations and transformed to the gaseous condition.

A special feature of advantage of this method of slaking is that by the addition of lime slaked in this way to the shale residues, Water-proof mortar-forming agents are obtained.

It must also be specially emphasized that these mortar-forming agents need not be pulverized to a high degree of impalpability, and, nevertheless, are fully constant in volume.

T he burnt material obtained from any of the operations according to the presentinvention can be used directly for the manufacture oi artificial bricks.

Under some circumstances the small quantity of lime remaining in the majority of cases in the slaty ash sutiices to give immediately a cement-like material. Otherwise lime and Roman-cement, arising from one of the above described processes, is mixed with the slaty ash, and after having been moistened, as customary, it is molded or pressed into artificial bricks. \Vhen a sutlicient quantity of binding material is not present a still further quantity of slaty ash can be added.

Another convenient manner of working is to soak the material which results after having burnt a mixture 0t bituminous and calcareous substances without separation of the burnt lime so that a complete slaking of the lime is effected. Then immediately, or after the addition of a further quantity of slaty ash, the molding to artificial bricks is performed.

I claim- 1. Process for the manufacture of hydraulic and cement-like mortar forming material, comprising mixing a calcareous material and a silicate, one of which is of a bituminous nature, burning the mixture with the recovery of oil, then slaking the lime formed and converting the shale residue into mortarforming material with a substance imparting setting qualities to the material.

2. Process for the manufacture of hydraulic and cement-like mortar-forming material, comprising mixing a calcareous material and a silicate, one of which is of a bituminous nature, burning the same with raw shale while recovering oil, then slaking the lime formed and converting the shale residue into a mortar-forming material with a substance imparting setting qualities to the residue.

3. Process for the manufacture of hydraulic and cement-like mortar-forming material, comprising mixing a calcareous material of one size and a silicious material of a different size, one of which is of a bituminous nature, burning the same with raw shale and recovering oil, separating the lime formed, and converting the shale residue into a coment material with a substance imparting setting qualities thereto.

at. Process for the manufacture of hydraulic and cementlike mortar-forming material, comprising mixing a calcareous material of one size and a silicious material of another size, one of which is of a bituminous nature, burning the mixture with raw shale and recovering oil, separating the lime, and grinding the shale residue with a substance imparting setting qualities to the material to form a cement product.

5. Process for the manufacture of a hydraulic and cement-like mortar-forming material, which comprises burning a charge containing calcareous and silicious material by means of bituminous shale, and recovering oil and ammoniacal water, slaking the lime with said water and recovering ammonia, separating lime from the residue, grinding the residue and re-incorporating lime with the ground residue.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name.

OSCAR TETENS.

Vitnesses Dr. HANS Hmoir, Dr. RICHARD Hmrrnn. 

